БАНК ЗАДАНИЙ ЕГЭ
READING.
TASK #10 — PART #2
TASK #10 — PART #2
ENG.XAMS SCHOOL
41
A – 7, they asked him the question: did he want to live with his father or his mother? John did not know.
B – 1, There was a big house called Strawberry Field near Mimi’s house, which John liked to visit. Years later, Strawberry Fields Forever became one of Lennon’s most famous songs.
C – 6, Julia sang and played the banjo and she taught her son to play this instrument when the boy was about eight. He got his first harmonica and soon learned to play it very well.
D – 4, Suddenly young people wanted to sing like Elvis, dress like him and play in a band.
E – 5, That summer John began a skiffle band with two friends from school. They were called The Quarrymen.
F – 8, nucleus – ядро. Many different people played with the band, but eventually there became four of them — John, Paul, George on guitars, and later, Stuart on the bass guitar.
G – 3, They had a new name, too: The Beatles.
B – 1, There was a big house called Strawberry Field near Mimi’s house, which John liked to visit. Years later, Strawberry Fields Forever became one of Lennon’s most famous songs.
C – 6, Julia sang and played the banjo and she taught her son to play this instrument when the boy was about eight. He got his first harmonica and soon learned to play it very well.
D – 4, Suddenly young people wanted to sing like Elvis, dress like him and play in a band.
E – 5, That summer John began a skiffle band with two friends from school. They were called The Quarrymen.
F – 8, nucleus – ядро. Many different people played with the band, but eventually there became four of them — John, Paul, George on guitars, and later, Stuart on the bass guitar.
G – 3, They had a new name, too: The Beatles.
42
A – 5, <…> an American artist and sculptor <…> an avant-garde experimental filmmaker <…> a collector.
B – 3, Both his parents <…> / Joseph had two sisters and a brother. / Joseph’s father died <…> .
C – 8, <…> ordinary wooden boxes — perhaps for jewellery — with a lid and a keyhole. Inside, little things are arranged in neat rows.
D – 7, Then he stopped making boxes and began to work intensively on collage <…> He himself said that it was a new step for him.
E – 2, In 1936 Joseph Cornell made a film out of the old films that he had found in New Jersey warehouses.
F – 4, <…> his art were shadows or, in other words, they were creations full of hidden meanings.
G – 1, It’s interesting that nobody taught Cornell art.
B – 3, Both his parents <…> / Joseph had two sisters and a brother. / Joseph’s father died <…> .
C – 8, <…> ordinary wooden boxes — perhaps for jewellery — with a lid and a keyhole. Inside, little things are arranged in neat rows.
D – 7, Then he stopped making boxes and began to work intensively on collage <…> He himself said that it was a new step for him.
E – 2, In 1936 Joseph Cornell made a film out of the old films that he had found in New Jersey warehouses.
F – 4, <…> his art were shadows or, in other words, they were creations full of hidden meanings.
G – 1, It’s interesting that nobody taught Cornell art.
43
A – 4, the flute <…> almost the same design throughout different musical traditions. В заголовке описание музыкального инструмента.
B – 5, But among all that confusion, there’s still one universal gesture you can count on even in the most remote parts of the world; nodding the head for a “yes” and shaking it for a “no”. Можно перепутать с заголовком 6, но в тексте акцент на возможное облегчение общения.
C – 7, we all have some version of the dumpling in our cultures, which is essentially dough wrapped into folds around locally available ingredients and cooked.
D – 8, In a study of around 6,000 languages, researchers found the sounds of many words to be too similar for comfort.
E – 3, Weapons were generally different around the world, except one: the bow.
F – 1, many similar themes show up in folklore around the world.
G – 2, It is one of the oldest stories in the world and shows up with slight variations in many countries.
B – 5, But among all that confusion, there’s still one universal gesture you can count on even in the most remote parts of the world; nodding the head for a “yes” and shaking it for a “no”. Можно перепутать с заголовком 6, но в тексте акцент на возможное облегчение общения.
C – 7, we all have some version of the dumpling in our cultures, which is essentially dough wrapped into folds around locally available ingredients and cooked.
D – 8, In a study of around 6,000 languages, researchers found the sounds of many words to be too similar for comfort.
E – 3, Weapons were generally different around the world, except one: the bow.
F – 1, many similar themes show up in folklore around the world.
G – 2, It is one of the oldest stories in the world and shows up with slight variations in many countries.
44
A – 4, aUI was introduced by W. John Weilgart who claimed a green, elflike alien had taught him the language.
B – 1, Linguists believe Lingua Ignota was based on Greek and maybe Cyrillic, even though they suspect it was influenced by Latin and German.
C – 5, They used the language in their conversations and even renamed themselves Poto and Cabengo.
D – 7, the students created their own language, which is known today as Nicaraguan Sign Language.
E – 2, The language itself is based on Predicate Calculus, one of the fields of mathematical logic.
F – 8, Folkspraak is still a work in progress and is being created by a group of people
who meet in a Yahoo group.
G – 6, it did encourage several others to attempt to create a universal mother tongue for speakers of all Slavic languages.
B – 1, Linguists believe Lingua Ignota was based on Greek and maybe Cyrillic, even though they suspect it was influenced by Latin and German.
C – 5, They used the language in their conversations and even renamed themselves Poto and Cabengo.
D – 7, the students created their own language, which is known today as Nicaraguan Sign Language.
E – 2, The language itself is based on Predicate Calculus, one of the fields of mathematical logic.
F – 8, Folkspraak is still a work in progress and is being created by a group of people
who meet in a Yahoo group.
G – 6, it did encourage several others to attempt to create a universal mother tongue for speakers of all Slavic languages.
45
A – 5, Cell phones put us under pressure in many ways and in many forms. И другие данные про стресс: become slowly dependent, start fidgeting and worrying, get anxious.
B – 6, Scientists have reported adverse health effects of using mobile phones including changes in brain activity, reaction times, and sleep patterns.
C – 1, Continuously holding the cell phone in one position, constant use of fingers while sending e-mails ant text messages at rapid speed causes extreme pain and inflammation.
D – 7, Exposing your eyes to that kind of light in the day itself is harmful, but right after you wake up, when you can’t even make out what is what, it is extremely harmful.
E – 8, Little do they know that, by doing this, they are inviting more germs than a toilet seat. Yes, research shows that our cell phones are that unhygienic.
F – 3, The natural process of meditating and using our own creativity has been bound by this smart technology.
G – 2, Only after constant propaganda and various awareness campaigns have people realised the implications of texting and driving.
B – 6, Scientists have reported adverse health effects of using mobile phones including changes in brain activity, reaction times, and sleep patterns.
C – 1, Continuously holding the cell phone in one position, constant use of fingers while sending e-mails ant text messages at rapid speed causes extreme pain and inflammation.
D – 7, Exposing your eyes to that kind of light in the day itself is harmful, but right after you wake up, when you can’t even make out what is what, it is extremely harmful.
E – 8, Little do they know that, by doing this, they are inviting more germs than a toilet seat. Yes, research shows that our cell phones are that unhygienic.
F – 3, The natural process of meditating and using our own creativity has been bound by this smart technology.
G – 2, Only after constant propaganda and various awareness campaigns have people realised the implications of texting and driving.
46
A — 1, “Общий предок”: Cabbage, broccoli, cauliflower, kale, brussels sprouts, collard greens, kohlrabi, and several closely related vegetables originated from the same plant species.;
B — 7, “Смешение горького и сладкого вкусов”: The pomelo is almost as bitter as the grapefruit, while the mandarin is sweet.;
C — 2, “Появился в естественных условиях”: The banana is a man-made hybrid of two wild banana species. <...> Both bananas naturally crossbred in the forests of South Asia.;
D — 5, “Безвреден для употребления в пищу”: Besides the origin, scientists cannot determine how our ancestors managed to create a perfect and sweet almond because the almond is poisonous.;
E — 6, “Ложные сравнения”: The grapefruit reached the United States in 1823 but was mistaken for the pomelo. It was only determined to be a distinct fruit in 1837.;
F — 3, “4 столетия для улучшения”: But in the 1300s, French botanists started planting wild strawberries in their gardens. <...> Antoine Duchesne created the modern strawberry on July 6, 1764.;
G — 8, “Изменить цвета”: Carrots have not always been orange. Natural carrots were either white or purple and probably inedible. <...> The orange carrot is a hybrid of the yellow carrot, which is a hybrid of the white carrot.
B — 7, “Смешение горького и сладкого вкусов”: The pomelo is almost as bitter as the grapefruit, while the mandarin is sweet.;
C — 2, “Появился в естественных условиях”: The banana is a man-made hybrid of two wild banana species. <...> Both bananas naturally crossbred in the forests of South Asia.;
D — 5, “Безвреден для употребления в пищу”: Besides the origin, scientists cannot determine how our ancestors managed to create a perfect and sweet almond because the almond is poisonous.;
E — 6, “Ложные сравнения”: The grapefruit reached the United States in 1823 but was mistaken for the pomelo. It was only determined to be a distinct fruit in 1837.;
F — 3, “4 столетия для улучшения”: But in the 1300s, French botanists started planting wild strawberries in their gardens. <...> Antoine Duchesne created the modern strawberry on July 6, 1764.;
G — 8, “Изменить цвета”: Carrots have not always been orange. Natural carrots were either white or purple and probably inedible. <...> The orange carrot is a hybrid of the yellow carrot, which is a hybrid of the white carrot.
47
A – 5, After colonization, the British took the clothing home, and over time, the style and word grew far beyond the subcontinent <…> In almost any language you could name, you can find a derivative of pajama.
B – 6, “OK” came about as a joke. The abbreviation “OK” was used to mean “or! korrekt,” an intentional misspelling of “all correct”.
C – 3, From the term “taximeter cab”, the shortened word “taxi” has become commonplace all over the world.
D – 8, Research suggests it is the easiest sound to make and it has everything to do with early speech development.
E – 7, The word “guitar” is complicated to trace, as it has applied to different stringed instruments throughout history.
F – 4, That is because most languages borrowed the Turkish word kahve.
G – 1, In Aztec culture, these cacao beans were widely consumed as a beverage called cacahuatl, a probable origin for the word “cacao.”
B – 6, “OK” came about as a joke. The abbreviation “OK” was used to mean “or! korrekt,” an intentional misspelling of “all correct”.
C – 3, From the term “taximeter cab”, the shortened word “taxi” has become commonplace all over the world.
D – 8, Research suggests it is the easiest sound to make and it has everything to do with early speech development.
E – 7, The word “guitar” is complicated to trace, as it has applied to different stringed instruments throughout history.
F – 4, That is because most languages borrowed the Turkish word kahve.
G – 1, In Aztec culture, these cacao beans were widely consumed as a beverage called cacahuatl, a probable origin for the word “cacao.”
48
A – 7, The simple paperclip was largely responsible for the initial success of what is today a gigantic and extremely profitable business.
B – 4, Paperclips usually have an oblong shape with straight sides, but may also be triangular or circular, or have more elaborate shapes.
C – 2, As recently as the late 19th century, the most common way to hold papers together was by using a straight pin => In the years just prior to 1900, quite a few paperclip designs emerged.
D – 5, Johan Vaaler, a Norwegian inventor who received patents on several designs.
E – 3, we don’t know exactly when it first appeared. Some sources speculate that it may have been as early as 1890; in any case, it was certainly well before Vaaler’s first patent in 1899.
F – 1, people began to wear paperclips on their lapels — symbolizing both national pride and “sticking together.”
G – 6, Still, you do find its analogues like a binder or foldover clip, a brass fastener or brad, a bulldog clip, a staple and what is not.
B – 4, Paperclips usually have an oblong shape with straight sides, but may also be triangular or circular, or have more elaborate shapes.
C – 2, As recently as the late 19th century, the most common way to hold papers together was by using a straight pin => In the years just prior to 1900, quite a few paperclip designs emerged.
D – 5, Johan Vaaler, a Norwegian inventor who received patents on several designs.
E – 3, we don’t know exactly when it first appeared. Some sources speculate that it may have been as early as 1890; in any case, it was certainly well before Vaaler’s first patent in 1899.
F – 1, people began to wear paperclips on their lapels — symbolizing both national pride and “sticking together.”
G – 6, Still, you do find its analogues like a binder or foldover clip, a brass fastener or brad, a bulldog clip, a staple and what is not.
49
A – 3, Books used to be such rare and wonderful things. During my school years… И пошли воспоминания.
B – 1, <…> the profound changes that have taken place in the last 20 years or so with respect to how people think about books.
C – 7, For a certain segment of modem western society, going to a library for books is now seen as a sign of lower, rather than higher, class.
D – 5, Before that time, members of the general public who wanted access to a large collection of books had to pay for it.
E – 2, but they were completely destroyed by the fire <…> a new building was erected for the library, and with a number of generous donations, it was back in business.
F – 4, I pay to go to the Mechanics’ Institute Library => I know that I will be walking into a clean, quiet, beautiful setting filled with great books — as well as intelligent and thoughtful people
G – 8, I believe it’s because they don’t just offer information; the seriousness with which they treat their books and their mission imparts a sacred sense of knowledge as power (священное ощущение знания как силы).
B – 1, <…> the profound changes that have taken place in the last 20 years or so with respect to how people think about books.
C – 7, For a certain segment of modem western society, going to a library for books is now seen as a sign of lower, rather than higher, class.
D – 5, Before that time, members of the general public who wanted access to a large collection of books had to pay for it.
E – 2, but they were completely destroyed by the fire <…> a new building was erected for the library, and with a number of generous donations, it was back in business.
F – 4, I pay to go to the Mechanics’ Institute Library => I know that I will be walking into a clean, quiet, beautiful setting filled with great books — as well as intelligent and thoughtful people
G – 8, I believe it’s because they don’t just offer information; the seriousness with which they treat their books and their mission imparts a sacred sense of knowledge as power (священное ощущение знания как силы).
50
A – 2, the lights of the city often make it very hard to see the stars.
B – 7, The term “pollution” is suitable because excess or unwanted light can be an irritation or even a safety hazard.
C – 4, Skyglow occurs because the atmosphere itself diffuses the light.
D – 1, a neighbor’s floodlight that shines into your backyard, for example, or a streetlight that shines into your window at night <…> glare, a general term describing any kind of light that impairs or obscures one’s vision.
E – 8, light pollution is detrimental to wildlife + страшные примеры <…> Humans may be directly affected as well + страшные примеры.
F – 3, According to conventional wisdom, more light equals more safety, so presumably brighter places should have less crime than darker ones. But surprisingly, this is not necessarily the case.
G – 5, The basic principle is to use light at night only where and when it’s actually needed <…> There’s also the radical notion of turning off outside lights at night.
B – 7, The term “pollution” is suitable because excess or unwanted light can be an irritation or even a safety hazard.
C – 4, Skyglow occurs because the atmosphere itself diffuses the light.
D – 1, a neighbor’s floodlight that shines into your backyard, for example, or a streetlight that shines into your window at night <…> glare, a general term describing any kind of light that impairs or obscures one’s vision.
E – 8, light pollution is detrimental to wildlife + страшные примеры <…> Humans may be directly affected as well + страшные примеры.
F – 3, According to conventional wisdom, more light equals more safety, so presumably brighter places should have less crime than darker ones. But surprisingly, this is not necessarily the case.
G – 5, The basic principle is to use light at night only where and when it’s actually needed <…> There’s also the radical notion of turning off outside lights at night.
51
A — 3, “Что следует сделать?”: In order for milk to stay fresh at room temperature, two things are required. <...> To rid the milk of bacteria, dairies employ a process known as ultra high temperature pasteurization.;
B — 6, “Нагревается, чтобы быть безопасным”: Pasteurization is simply a matter of heating something hot enough and long enough to kill pathogens <...> This makes milk safe for human consumption, and in the process, dramatically reduces the number of bacteria that cause spoilage.;
C — 1, “Безопасно, но безвкусно”: Ultra high temperature pasteurization destroys virtually all bacteria and spores. <...> However, ultra high temperature processing can have a noticeable effect on the taste.;
D — 4, “Упаковка имеет значение”: Meanwhile, the packaging itself must also be sterilized, and it must be filled with milk and sealed in a sterile environment.;
E — 8, “Не пользуется спросом”: According to one theory, it’s all about the taste: if the milk in a box doesn’t taste exactly like milk in a bottle, consumers won’t buy it.;
F — 2, “Шансы привлечь внимание”: Furthermore, let’s be realistic: in the United States, at least, consumers overwhelmingly choose convenience over flavor.;
G — 5, “Денежные вопросы”: After all, producers and supermarkets would save money in the long run on energy bills and transportation, as well as reducing waste due to spoilage.
B — 6, “Нагревается, чтобы быть безопасным”: Pasteurization is simply a matter of heating something hot enough and long enough to kill pathogens <...> This makes milk safe for human consumption, and in the process, dramatically reduces the number of bacteria that cause spoilage.;
C — 1, “Безопасно, но безвкусно”: Ultra high temperature pasteurization destroys virtually all bacteria and spores. <...> However, ultra high temperature processing can have a noticeable effect on the taste.;
D — 4, “Упаковка имеет значение”: Meanwhile, the packaging itself must also be sterilized, and it must be filled with milk and sealed in a sterile environment.;
E — 8, “Не пользуется спросом”: According to one theory, it’s all about the taste: if the milk in a box doesn’t taste exactly like milk in a bottle, consumers won’t buy it.;
F — 2, “Шансы привлечь внимание”: Furthermore, let’s be realistic: in the United States, at least, consumers overwhelmingly choose convenience over flavor.;
G — 5, “Денежные вопросы”: After all, producers and supermarkets would save money in the long run on energy bills and transportation, as well as reducing waste due to spoilage.
52
A – 3, There’s nothing like a good action film, especially if it involves martial arts. Плюс позднее упоминание про голливудских актеров, Hollywood-friendly jumps and kicks.
B – 4, a fighting art based on softness and flexibility, rather than brute force.
C – 1, For centuries, tai chi was a closely guarded secret, taught only to the members and close associates of a few powerful families.
D – 8, All forms of tai chi follow several basic principles, including <…> .
E – 2, In push hands, partners help each other identify areas of tension by trying to push the other person off balance while maintaining their own.
F – 7, tai chi tournaments and competitions are quite popular in some places <…> Push hands is also done competitively <…> Tai chi tournaments tend to have a greater spirit of camaraderie and respect than most competitive sporting events.
G – 5, People take up the practice of tai chi for a variety of reasons. For many, health and fitness are the primary motivations.
B – 4, a fighting art based on softness and flexibility, rather than brute force.
C – 1, For centuries, tai chi was a closely guarded secret, taught only to the members and close associates of a few powerful families.
D – 8, All forms of tai chi follow several basic principles, including <…> .
E – 2, In push hands, partners help each other identify areas of tension by trying to push the other person off balance while maintaining their own.
F – 7, tai chi tournaments and competitions are quite popular in some places <…> Push hands is also done competitively <…> Tai chi tournaments tend to have a greater spirit of camaraderie and respect than most competitive sporting events.
G – 5, People take up the practice of tai chi for a variety of reasons. For many, health and fitness are the primary motivations.
53
A – 2, However, the word “bears” does not mean the beautiful beasts of the animal kingdom, but the constellations — the Great Bear and the Little Bear.
B – 7, However, the scientists and other researchers who spend time in this part of the Southern Hemisphere can choose the time zone which suits them best.
C – 5, But an ice sheet as thick as a mile, or in some cases, almost three miles, is simply unbelievable.
D – 1, the largest terrestrial animal native to Antarctica is an insect <…> The reason why the Belgica Antarctica survives the harsh climate is that it burrows itself one cm under the ice sheet and can survive in it for well over 10 months.
E – 8, the salinity level of this lake is 18 times more than the oceans and 1.3 times more than the Dead Sea.
F – 4, One of the waterfalls found in the McMurdo Dry Valley region is the Blood Falls which looks like blood flowing from the glaciers.
G – 6, The reason behind this bizarre-sounding requirement (to get your wisdom teeth and your appendix removed) is that in a medical emergency, you cannot be evacuated during winters.
B – 7, However, the scientists and other researchers who spend time in this part of the Southern Hemisphere can choose the time zone which suits them best.
C – 5, But an ice sheet as thick as a mile, or in some cases, almost three miles, is simply unbelievable.
D – 1, the largest terrestrial animal native to Antarctica is an insect <…> The reason why the Belgica Antarctica survives the harsh climate is that it burrows itself one cm under the ice sheet and can survive in it for well over 10 months.
E – 8, the salinity level of this lake is 18 times more than the oceans and 1.3 times more than the Dead Sea.
F – 4, One of the waterfalls found in the McMurdo Dry Valley region is the Blood Falls which looks like blood flowing from the glaciers.
G – 6, The reason behind this bizarre-sounding requirement (to get your wisdom teeth and your appendix removed) is that in a medical emergency, you cannot be evacuated during winters.
54
A – 5, Both plates are currently moving and slowly tearing Africa apart.
B – 8, New Holland / New South Wales / Terra Australis.
C – 1, The problems with defining a continent explain why we have from four to seven continents today, i.e. the 4-5-6-7-continent model.
D – 3, New Zealand has been confirmed to lie on its own continent called Zealandia.
E – 2, distortion – искажение, деформация. Every map you have been reading is wrong because they are often made in 2-D even though the world is in 3-D.
F – 4, Although we often consider Antarctica as a barren wasteland covered in ice, it is actually a desert <…> Antarctica receives less than 51 millimetres of water annually in its innermost areas.
G – 7, Можно перепутать с заголовком 8 (тоже сказано про два иных называния материков). Однако в тексте В акцент на разные имена, даваемые Австралии разными людьми. Здесь же больше про историю формирования двух американских материков. North America did really split into two continents in the Late Cretaceous Period that occurred from 100.5 million to 66 million years ago.
B – 8, New Holland / New South Wales / Terra Australis.
C – 1, The problems with defining a continent explain why we have from four to seven continents today, i.e. the 4-5-6-7-continent model.
D – 3, New Zealand has been confirmed to lie on its own continent called Zealandia.
E – 2, distortion – искажение, деформация. Every map you have been reading is wrong because they are often made in 2-D even though the world is in 3-D.
F – 4, Although we often consider Antarctica as a barren wasteland covered in ice, it is actually a desert <…> Antarctica receives less than 51 millimetres of water annually in its innermost areas.
G – 7, Можно перепутать с заголовком 8 (тоже сказано про два иных называния материков). Однако в тексте В акцент на разные имена, даваемые Австралии разными людьми. Здесь же больше про историю формирования двух американских материков. North America did really split into two continents in the Late Cretaceous Period that occurred from 100.5 million to 66 million years ago.
55
A – 8, More modern amenities than you might think first showed up during the 19th century.
B – 5, Joseph Aspdin was an English bricklayer who made the first Portland cement by burning powdered limestone and clay in his kitchen stove.
C – 7, He was able to determine the temperature and the length of time food needed to be heated in order to kill off microbes.
D – 3, от обратного, насколько раньше было дороже и неэффективнее: Before the mail system we know today, postage was calculated not by the weight of the letter but by the number of miles it travelled and the cost was borne by the recipient, meaning that many letters went undelivered.
E – 1, an 1830 patent by Barthelemy Thimonnier in France caused a riot by tailors, who, fearful for their livelihoods, destroyed the machines.
F – 4, there were few automobiles or bicycles, so the invention seemed rather pointless and never went into production.
G – 6, Within six months of Roentgen’s discovery, X-rays were being used by battlefield surgeons to find bullets inside wounded soldiers.
B – 5, Joseph Aspdin was an English bricklayer who made the first Portland cement by burning powdered limestone and clay in his kitchen stove.
C – 7, He was able to determine the temperature and the length of time food needed to be heated in order to kill off microbes.
D – 3, от обратного, насколько раньше было дороже и неэффективнее: Before the mail system we know today, postage was calculated not by the weight of the letter but by the number of miles it travelled and the cost was borne by the recipient, meaning that many letters went undelivered.
E – 1, an 1830 patent by Barthelemy Thimonnier in France caused a riot by tailors, who, fearful for their livelihoods, destroyed the machines.
F – 4, there were few automobiles or bicycles, so the invention seemed rather pointless and never went into production.
G – 6, Within six months of Roentgen’s discovery, X-rays were being used by battlefield surgeons to find bullets inside wounded soldiers.
56
A – 7, the open areas contained up to 40 times more chemicals found in all organic products than Mayan streets or patios. It proved that the Maya had a market economy.
B – 1, lemons were available only to those who could afford them <…> The latter was rare enough in Rome to be very expensive and was prized by the rich.
C – 5, the goldsmiths seemed to prefer their stock to be a bit more “foreign”, т.е. золото привозили, импортировали, хотя и было своё.
D – 8, The first of its kind to be found in Northern Australia, it supports contact between the locals of this remote island and China. Речь о монете, найденной в большом удалении от того, где она была произведена.
E – 6, chocolate was enjoyed by all levels of society and was imported in huge quantities.
F – 2, an inscription about content, weight, origin, jar maker’s name, when it left for Rome, the arrival date, who imported it, and taxes paid.
G – 4, до эры грабежа и военных походов (<…> June 793. That month, the Norwegians sailed over to an English island called Lindisfarne and sacked it), викинги приплывали и торговали в частности гребнями из олених рогов в Дании (The combs were retrieved from Ribe, one of Denmark’s oldest trade hub).
B – 1, lemons were available only to those who could afford them <…> The latter was rare enough in Rome to be very expensive and was prized by the rich.
C – 5, the goldsmiths seemed to prefer their stock to be a bit more “foreign”, т.е. золото привозили, импортировали, хотя и было своё.
D – 8, The first of its kind to be found in Northern Australia, it supports contact between the locals of this remote island and China. Речь о монете, найденной в большом удалении от того, где она была произведена.
E – 6, chocolate was enjoyed by all levels of society and was imported in huge quantities.
F – 2, an inscription about content, weight, origin, jar maker’s name, when it left for Rome, the arrival date, who imported it, and taxes paid.
G – 4, до эры грабежа и военных походов (<…> June 793. That month, the Norwegians sailed over to an English island called Lindisfarne and sacked it), викинги приплывали и торговали в частности гребнями из олених рогов в Дании (The combs were retrieved from Ribe, one of Denmark’s oldest trade hub).
57
A – 8, But we are just beginning to discover exactly how smart these common scavengers really are. Bright в значении intelligent and quick to learn.
B – 4, In captivity, ravens can learn to talk better than a lot of parrots can.
C – 1, the greatest likelihood of engaging in consoling behavior, which includes beak-to-body touching, sitting close to the victim, and preening.
D – 3, Another ability possessed by ravens that make them a much better choice than parrots to sit on a pirate’s shoulder is their intolerance for cheaters.
E – 7, Should the ravens ever leave, the tower and the monarchy would fall <…> Ravens have been there ever since.
F – 2, Many Native American tribes believed the raven to be a trickster and even a shape-shifter <…> Since scientists have been paying more attention to ravens, they have noticed some rather tricksterlike behavior.
G – 5, So you better be nice to ravens — or they’ll remember you treated them badly next time they see you.
B – 4, In captivity, ravens can learn to talk better than a lot of parrots can.
C – 1, the greatest likelihood of engaging in consoling behavior, which includes beak-to-body touching, sitting close to the victim, and preening.
D – 3, Another ability possessed by ravens that make them a much better choice than parrots to sit on a pirate’s shoulder is their intolerance for cheaters.
E – 7, Should the ravens ever leave, the tower and the monarchy would fall <…> Ravens have been there ever since.
F – 2, Many Native American tribes believed the raven to be a trickster and even a shape-shifter <…> Since scientists have been paying more attention to ravens, they have noticed some rather tricksterlike behavior.
G – 5, So you better be nice to ravens — or they’ll remember you treated them badly next time they see you.
58
A – 2, Although our strength is notable, tiny creatures such as beetles and ants put us to shame.
B – 8, A bird noted as one of the fastest living creatures, the peregrine falcon, can reach an earth-shattering 355 kilometers per hour.
C – 4, Some bees will work only several hours, while some will work over 12. Worker bees are busy day and night.
D – 1, over thousands upon millions of years, they have been forced to adapt.
E – 7, Creatures without access to agriculture, like birds, need strong eyesight. They must be able to see their prey long before the prey sees them.
F – 6, A bat’s hearing is so powerful that it almost single-ban compensates for the creature’s terrible vision.
G – 5, Ants communicate using scented chemicals.
B – 8, A bird noted as one of the fastest living creatures, the peregrine falcon, can reach an earth-shattering 355 kilometers per hour.
C – 4, Some bees will work only several hours, while some will work over 12. Worker bees are busy day and night.
D – 1, over thousands upon millions of years, they have been forced to adapt.
E – 7, Creatures without access to agriculture, like birds, need strong eyesight. They must be able to see their prey long before the prey sees them.
F – 6, A bat’s hearing is so powerful that it almost single-ban compensates for the creature’s terrible vision.
G – 5, Ants communicate using scented chemicals.
59
A – 8, They scanned returned his microchip and returned him to Darren, but the parrot no longer spoke with a British accent.
B – 6, Wossie had wandered a full 50 kilometers away, stopping at the Ginsters factory. Workers thought that Woosie was simply adorable and decided to adopt him as a sort of mascot.
C – 4, They refused to separate them and welcomed Captain as a new addition to the family.
D – 2, Someone clipped the metal fence in the middle of the night, and stole the horse.
E – 1, A black cat named Suika was swept up in the waves and carried away <…> 3 years later <…> The Yamagishis were reunited with little Suika.
F – 5, the couple was finally ready to adopt a new dog. They visited a local animal shelter... only to see that Reckless was there, waiting for them all this time.
G – 7, One can only imagine their surprise when they received a phone call that Willow had been found - in New York City. Over 1,600 kilometers (1,000 mi) away from her home.
B – 6, Wossie had wandered a full 50 kilometers away, stopping at the Ginsters factory. Workers thought that Woosie was simply adorable and decided to adopt him as a sort of mascot.
C – 4, They refused to separate them and welcomed Captain as a new addition to the family.
D – 2, Someone clipped the metal fence in the middle of the night, and stole the horse.
E – 1, A black cat named Suika was swept up in the waves and carried away <…> 3 years later <…> The Yamagishis were reunited with little Suika.
F – 5, the couple was finally ready to adopt a new dog. They visited a local animal shelter... only to see that Reckless was there, waiting for them all this time.
G – 7, One can only imagine their surprise when they received a phone call that Willow had been found - in New York City. Over 1,600 kilometers (1,000 mi) away from her home.
60
A – 1, The reason the word cookie is used seems to come from a comparison to fortune cookies - the dessert common from Chinese fast-food.
B – 2, this was not actually the first use of the term “bug” to describe a malfunctioning system.
C – 3, This explanation has also been given to the word “byte," which refers to multiple units of information.
D – 6, A computer virus is very similar to a biological virus.
E – 7, The word cloud in reference to the airy masses floating in the sky has become a metaphor for the vast expansiveness of the Internet.
F – 5, Centuries ago, the activity of browsing was done in fields and forests. Last century browsing became ubiquitous in the marketplace where the browser casually wanders without serious intention of buying anything.
G – 4, The origin of that use of file goes back to the days of handwritten documents when the word meant "a collection of papers placed on a file".
B – 2, this was not actually the first use of the term “bug” to describe a malfunctioning system.
C – 3, This explanation has also been given to the word “byte," which refers to multiple units of information.
D – 6, A computer virus is very similar to a biological virus.
E – 7, The word cloud in reference to the airy masses floating in the sky has become a metaphor for the vast expansiveness of the Internet.
F – 5, Centuries ago, the activity of browsing was done in fields and forests. Last century browsing became ubiquitous in the marketplace where the browser casually wanders without serious intention of buying anything.
G – 4, The origin of that use of file goes back to the days of handwritten documents when the word meant "a collection of papers placed on a file".
61
A – 6, Road traffic regulators adopted the traffic lights when vehicles came along.
B – 4, Hertz funded research to determine the most visible color for a motor vehicle. The study revealed that yellow is the one.
C – 5, The reason that fire engines used to be red is unclear, and the explanations are even contradictory. Some sources say <…> A second and contradictory theory claims <…> A third theory claims <…> .
D – 1, The zebra crossing only got its name after Jim Callaghan, who was a member of parliament at the time, visited a black-and-white pedestrian crossing and remarked that it resembled zebra markings.
E – 3, White paint also saves money because it does not need as much maintenance as other colors.
F – 8, Adidas used a mixture of black and white because the black spots allowed viewers to determine the direction of the ball on their black-and-white televisions.
G – 2, Carbon black instantly solved the myriad of problems linked to white tires.
B – 4, Hertz funded research to determine the most visible color for a motor vehicle. The study revealed that yellow is the one.
C – 5, The reason that fire engines used to be red is unclear, and the explanations are even contradictory. Some sources say <…> A second and contradictory theory claims <…> A third theory claims <…> .
D – 1, The zebra crossing only got its name after Jim Callaghan, who was a member of parliament at the time, visited a black-and-white pedestrian crossing and remarked that it resembled zebra markings.
E – 3, White paint also saves money because it does not need as much maintenance as other colors.
F – 8, Adidas used a mixture of black and white because the black spots allowed viewers to determine the direction of the ball on their black-and-white televisions.
G – 2, Carbon black instantly solved the myriad of problems linked to white tires.
